Browsing by Author "PARWIZ MOSAMIM"

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    REPRESENTATIVE BUREAUCRACY AS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES: AFGHAN WOMENS REPRESENTATION IN CIVIL SERVICES IN THE POST TALIBAN
    (2021-08-16) PARWIZ MOSAMIM; Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah; Ida Widianingsih
    This Master Thesis discusses the main barriers confronting Afghan Women’s Active Representation in the civil service and decision–making positions in the Post – Taliban (2001). The research study argues that due to some barriers, Afghan women are demographically underrepresented in the civil service and the implementation of positive discrimination action has remained in question. The government of Afghanistan committed to ensuring at least 30% of women’s representation in each ministry and independent department by 2020, but the recent data show that this target was not achieved. According to the IARCC report, only 28 percent of Afghan women enjoy their representation in the civil service and almost 11 percent in decision–making positions. Following that, the research found that at the end of 2019, from 56 ministries and independent departments only four of them could reach the target of ensuring 30% of women’s representation, which shows a lack of implementation. AccAccording tohe research informants, traditional cultures, violence, sexual harassment, discrimination, patriarchal system, insecurity, lack of competence and lack of political support are the main barriers, which helped lack of active representation of the female civil servants in the government agencies. The research also found that the representation of Afghan women in decision–making and public service leadership is regarded as a more symbolic status. Moreover, in terms of the quality of those who are entitled to hold some high–rank positions in the public sector also embrace debatable professional qualifications. Theoretically, Afghan women still don’t enjoy active representation in the civil service and this representation also could not lead to more legitimacy, responsiveness a,nd trust ointhe bureaucratic system of the government.