CLINICAL FEATURES AND MANAGEMENT OF NON-SEGMENTAL VITILIGO PATIENTS IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2023-07-14
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Purpose: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder characterized by the
destruction of functional melanocytes in the dermis, causing vitiliginous patches
that have no pigment. The persons affected by vitiligo are stigmatised, leading to
low self-esteem and negative psychological impact. Segmental vitiligo (SV) and
non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) are the types of vitiligo. The NSV is the most
common type of vitiligo and characterized by bilateral distribution of lesions and
may progress to the severe type of NSV. NSV has a poor response to medical
treatment and depigmentation may recur after therapeutic repigmentation. Data of
clinical features and treatment are needed as basic data for education and
determining therapeutic options in the management of NSV. Data regarding the
clinical features and management of NSV in Indonesia are still very limited,
especially in West Java. Thus, the intent of this study is to describe clinical features
and management of non-segmental vitiligo in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Patients and Method: A retrospective study of a patient diagnosed by a
dermatovenreologist with non-segmental vitiligo admitted to Tivaza Primary Clinic
and Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital over a
period from January 1st
, 2018 to December 31st, 2022. Data were collected
regarding the socio-demographic profiles, clinical profiles, and management
profiles of the patient.
Results: There was a majority in 20−29 years age group (22.42%) with females are
the most affected (61.65%). A positive family history of vitiligo was present in
15.31% patients and only 5.01% had underlying autoimmune disease. The majority
4
of patients had vulgaris type of vitiligo (33.33%) and highest age of onset in 11−20
years (15.93%). Face (63.13%) and upper extremities (47.79%) were the most
affected areas of the lesion and most of the patients had less than 10% body surface
area involvement. The most common therapies used were phototherapy (46.31%)
and vitamin D supplements (62.83%) with most of the patients showing
improvement (36.28%).
Conclusions: Of all the 339 NSV patients that were included in this study, the
majority of the patients were in their third decade of life, with a predominance of
females. The vulgaris type of vitiligo was the most common among the patients,
with the majority of onset occurring in the second decade of life. Exposed areas,
such as the face, were the most affected area of vitiligo lesions. Phototherapy and
vitamin D supplements were the most commonly used therapies, with most of the
patients experiencing improvement.
Description
Keywords
Clinical features, management, vitiligo