GAMBARAN FUNGSIONAL AKTIVITAS KEGIATAN SEHARI-HARI BERDASARKAN DERAJAT NYERI SENDI PADA PASIEN LANSIA DENGAN OSTEOARTRITIS LUTUT
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2012-07-23
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Abstract
Peningkatan usia harapan hidup mengakibatkan peningkatan jumlah lansia.Pada lansia dapat terjadi penurunan kemampuan jaringan untuk memperbaiki diri danmempertahankan fungsi normalnya (degenerasi) sehingga dapat dijumpai penyakitdegeneratif, salah satunya osteoartritis (OA). OA merupakan jenis artritis yang palingsering dijumpai, terutama pada lansia, dan yang paling banyak ditemukan pada sendilutut. Selain degeneratif, OA dapat disebabkan oleh proses inflamasi sehinggamenimbulkan nyeri dan penurunan kemampuan untuk melakukan aktivitas kegiatansehari-hari (AKS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran fungsional AKSberdasarkan derajat nyeri lutut pada lansia yang menderita OA lutut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel 74 orang. Responden adalah pasien OA lutut di Klinik Geriatri RSHSBandung periode Maret-April 2011. Derajat nyeri sendi dinilai dengan Visual AnalogScale (VAS) dan AKS dinilai dengan indeks Barthel. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan derajat nyeri VAS terbanyak ada padakategori nyeri ringan (47 orang). Derajat AKS Indeks Barthel terbanyak ada padakategori ketergantungan ringan (44 orang). Sedangkan untuk derajat AKS IndeksBarthel berdasarkan derajat nyeri sendi VAS terbanyak ada pada kategori nyeri VASringan dengan ketergantungan ringan (25 orang). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkesimpulan bahwa semakin berat nyeri sendi, maka semakin terganggu fungsionalAKS.
Increase in life expectancy resulted in increasing amount of elderly people. Inelderly, there is declining on tissue ability for repairing itself and maintaining normalfunction (degeneration), then degenerative diseases are commonly found, one of themis osteoarthritis (OA). Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis andmore common in elderly. Most common type of OA is knee joint. Besidesdegenerative reason, OA is also caused by inflammation process that result in painand declining ability to do activity daily living (ADL). This research aims to find outthe functional ADL based on pain severity of knee joint in elderly with knee OA. This research was conducted by cross sectional descriptive method with a sample of 74 persons. The research subjects were knee OA patients in Geriatri ClinicHasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in March - April 2011 period. Knee joint painseverity was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and ADL was determined byBarthel Index questionnaire. From the research, the result was pain severity VAS mostly found in mild paincategory (47 people). Functional ADL Barthel Index was mostly found in milddependency category (44 people). Functional ADL Barthel Index based on painseverity of knee joint was mostly found in mild pain category with mild dependency(25 people). This showed that the more severe the knee pain, the more disturbed theADL.
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lansia, osteoartritis lutut, Indeks Barthel