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ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN INDONESIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS THAT HAVE ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT A REVIEW
(2021-01-13) ABDAN SYAKURA DANIL; Eko Fuji Ariyanto; Enny Rohmawaty
Diabetes mellitus is the third leading cause of death in Indonesia, around 6.7%, after stroke 21.1%, and coronary heart disease 12.9%. The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase year by year in the world, including Indonesia. Diabetes gives a significant burden for many countries in the world due to the high cost of treatment and reduced productivity of diabetes patients.Comprehensive strategies to prevent and treat diabetes is mandatory. Oral hypoglycemic drugs (OHO) are the first-line therapy for diabetes mellitus patients, however, these oral drugs still have several side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies elaborating on medicinal plants with hypoglycemic effects to identify substances that have an antidiabetic effect more resemble physiological processes in the body. Indonesian people often use herbal medicines empirically,but the benefits have not been scientifically well documented. Polyphenol derivatives have been widely studied as hypoglycemic agents that can improve glucose control and increase insulin sensitivity. This paper reviews the hypoglycemic effect of Indonesian medicinal plants such as melinjo seeds (Gnetum gnemon L.), durian plants (Durio zibethinus Murr.), Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), and bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum).